Background Information of Surah Ta-Ha
Context and Revelation: Surah TaHa, consisting of 135 verses, was revealed in Mecca. It is notably the Surah that influenced Umar ibn Al-Khattab’s conversion to Islam approximately seven years before the Hijra.
Key Themes and Messages
Purpose of the Quran:
Guidance, Not Hardship: Emphasizes that the Quran was revealed not to cause distress but as a reminder for those who fear Allah.
The Calling of Moses:
Initial Encounter: Narrates Moses’ journey with his family when he saw a fire and approached it, leading to his divine calling in the sacred valley where he was asked to remove his shoes.
Divine Signs: Allah demonstrated His power through miracles, turning Moses’ staff into a snake and making his hand shine with divine light when pressed to his side.
Support and Brotherhood:
Request for Assistance: Moses requests Allah’s help to include his brother Aaron in his prophetic mission, which was granted, illustrating the importance of support and collaboration in fulfilling divine tasks.
Moses’ Early Life and Mission:
Protection and Providence: Details Moses’ early life from being placed in a basket on the river to being taken in by Pharaoh’s household, setting the stage for his later confrontation with Pharaoh.
Confrontation with Pharaoh: Moses’ challenge to Pharaoh’s authority and the showdown with the magicians, where Allah’s true miracle prevailed.
Lessons from the Israelites:
Deliverance and Ingratitude: Despite being led out of Egypt, the Israelites soon turned to idolatry, worshipping a calf, which Moses destroyed in his anger at their ingratitude.
Moral and Spiritual Exhortations:
Warning Against Satan: Recalls how Satan led Adam astray as a reminder to avoid evil and remain steadfast in worship and purity.
Perseverance in Faith: Calls for patience, purity in worship, and steadfastness in the face of trials.
Ultimate Justice:
Day of Judgment: Affirms that all wrongdoers, like the corrupt and the idolaters among the Israelites, will face divine retribution on the Day of Judgment.
Topical Analysis of Rukus
Ruku 1: Verses 1-24
Allah introduces Himself and talks about His power and possession.
The story of how Moses was promoted to a prophet. He was commanded to go to Pharaoh.
Ruku 2: Verses 25-54
Allah accepts Moses’ prayer and explains to him that he is chosen by Allah.
Moses (pbuh) and Aaron (pbuh) visit Pharaoh on God’s command.
The conversation between Moses (pbuh) and Pharaoh is reported.
Ruku 3: Verses 55-76
Pharaoh challenges Moses (pbuh) to a magic competition against his magicians. The reactions of the magicians to their defeat by Moses (pbuh) are explained. The end of the unbelievers and the believers is described.
Ruku 4: Verses 77-89
Allah explains the triumph of Moses and what happened to Pharaoh in the end.
Allah mentions the blessings He has given to the Children of Israel.
Allah speaks to Moses, who had left his people at that time, stating they are no longer on the right path and have been misled by someone named Samiryy, turning a calf into an idol.
Ruku 5: Verses 90-104
Moses (pbuh) talks to Aaron (pbuh) about the condition of the people, and there is a confrontation between Moses (pbuh) and Samiryy.
Allah explains the color in which He will mark the guilty on the Day of Judgment.
Ruku 6: Verses 105-115
Allah responds to the Meccans who question the Prophet (sav). Allah describes the scene on the Day of Judgment.
Allah speaks to the Prophet (sav) regarding the Quran and how he should receive/learn it.
Ruku 7: Verses 116-128
Allah narrates the story of Adam (pbuh), how he was tempted by Satan and the consequences that he and his wife had to bear.
Allah explains the reason why a person will be resurrected blind on the Day of Judgment.
Ruku 8: Verses 129-135
Allah commands the Prophet (pbuh) to be patient in the face of the Meccans’ blindness, through the praise of his Lord.
Allah commands both the Prophet (pbuh) and the Muslims not to be deceived by the allure of worldly life.
Allah responds to the question of the deniers.
